System of control



ohNEY INVENTOR Mamm can L. W. CHUBB SYSTEM OF CONTROL Filed June 30,1921 April 14, 1925.

WITNESSES:

jwmz Patented Apr. 14, 1925 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS 'WARRINGTON CHUBIB, OF EDGEWOOD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TOWESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OFPENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Application flled lune 80, 1921. Serial No. 481,534.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS WARRINGTON CHUBB, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Edgewood Park, in the county of Allegheny andState of Pennsylvania,

, mission systems.

One object of my invention is to provide a system of control that shallbe simple in construction and eflicient in operation and that may bereadily adapted for use either in wireless telegraphy or in wirelesstelephony. Anotherobject of my invention is to provide an improvedwireless transmission system in which the frequency and the amplitude ofthe alternating component of current in the source of energy may bemaintained substantially constant during the signaling and non-signalingperiods to obtain stable operation.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a transmission systemwherein the antenna circuit may be employedas an absorption circuit, asWell as a radiating circuit, thereby permitting the elimination of theexpensive separate absorbing circuit which has heretofore been employed.

Other objects of iny invention will appear more fully from the detailsof construction described hereinafter and illustrated in theaccompanying drawing.

In the design of control systems for wireless transmission systems, itisdesirable to provide a system which maintains the ampli tude andfrequency of the oscillating currents constant during the signaling andnonsignaling periods. In the present state of the art, the desiredresult has been partially accomplished by slightly detuning theradiation circuits to form the necessary dots and dashes or byselectively rendering an energy-absorbing circuit effective ornon-effective to control the radiation ofi energy from the radiatingcircuits.

The former method, however, has the inherent disadvantage of radiatingenergy at two wave lengths, while the latter method has the disadvantageof employing an additional circuit requiring expensive apparatus.

According to my invention, I provide a double-antenna system of controlwherein the antenna circuits may be employed as an absorbing circuit oras a radiating circuit by so varying the phase of the currents in theantenna circuits that they relatively add or subtract in their effects.

The desired shift in phase of the currents in the radiating antennacircuits may be obtained through the utilization of a phasesplittingdevice in each antenna circuit. The phase-splitting devices may be ofany form well known to the art, such, for ex ample, as static networkscomprising con densive and inductive elements.

My invention may best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a wireless transmission systemembodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing an alternative type ofphase-splitting device.

Referring to Fig. 1', I have shown a twophase source of high-frequencyenergy 1 supplying currents to a pair of radiating systems 2 and 3through transformers 4 and 5 and static networks or so called mono,-cyclic bridges 6 and 7, respectively. The static networks 6 and 7comprise, respectively, alternately disposed condensive and inductiveelements 8 and 9 in a closed circuit. The reactances of the capacitiveand inductive elements 8 and 9, respectively, are preferably equal.

The antenna systems 2 and 3 are shunted across the diagonals 1112 and1314: of the static networks 6 and 7, and com rise, respectively,antennae 15 and 16, coils 1 and 18, and ground leads 19 and 21. Theantennee 15 and 16 and the coils 17 and 18 may or may not beelectro-statically and electro-magnetically coupled, respectively.

The phase-splitting devices 6 and 7 are oppositely connected in acircuit 22, which may also include the secondary windings 23 and 24 ofthe transformers 1 and 5, by conductors 25 and 26 which connect,respectively, points 27 and 28 of the static device 6 to opposite points29 and 31 of the static device 7.

A shunt connection 32, which extends from conductor 25 to a point 33 onconductor 26, intermediate the secondary windings 23 and 24, isprovided, whereby the antennae systems may be separately energized bythe respective phases of the two-phase source of energy 1. The shuntconnection 32 may include a-switch 34 and a telephone transmitter 35 forwireless telephone signaling, or a key 36, which is shunted around theswitch 34 and telephone transmitter 35, for signaling dots and dashes.

The system shown in Fig. 2 differs from that of Fig. 1 only in thearrangement of the condensive and reactive elements in the staticnetworks. The condensive and re active elements 8 and 9 of each of thenetworks 6 and 7 are here all connected to a common point 37 Two of theelements 8' and 9 of each network have their free terminals 39, 41 and42, 43 connected to the antenna systems 2 and 3 respectively. The othertwo elements 8 and 9 of each network have their free terminals 44, 45and 46, 47

connected by conductors 25 and 26, respectively, to include the windings23 and 24 in the circuit 22, as in Fig. 1.

In operation, assuming the shunt connection 32 interrupted by the switch34 and the key 36, the voltage impressed upon the circuit 22 by thetransformers 4 and 5 combine to form a resultant voltage, the value ofwhich is /2 times the value of each impressed voltage. By reason of thefact that the static networks 6 and 7 are oppositely connected in thecircuit 22, the voltages and consequently the currents in the antennacircuits 2 and 3 are in phase opposition. Thus, the electromagnetic andelectrostatic fields set up by the antenna system 2 are neutralized bythose set up by the antenna system 3 and substantially no energy isradiated. 1

Upon depressing the key 36, a circuit is completed through the shuntconnection 32 which extends from conductor 25 to the point 33intermediate the transformer windings 23 and 24 to. admit of the separate excitation of the bridges 6 and 7 by the transformers 4 and 5,respectively. The voltages now induced in the respective antenna systems2 and 3 are thus shifted 45 in oppositedirections, whereby they are inquadrature, the resultant radiation therefrom being /2 times that of asingle antenna system.

The operation of the system shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that of Fig.1, the static networks 6, 7 being the electrical equivalents of thoseshown in Fig. 1.

As hereinbefore stated, in addition to the signaling of dots and dashes,my system may also be employed for wireless telephone purposes. With theswitch 34 closed, the effect of speaking into the transmitting device 35is to cause corresponding changes in the phase relation of the currentsin the radiating systems 2 and 3, thereby resulting in the radiation ofmodulated energy.

An advantage of my invention is the pro By the term static network, Imean to include any system of resistances, capacities and inductancesfor shifting the phases of currents in two or more circuits connectedthereto. The elements may be. all static elements, or the impedance ofany element may be supplied by means of electronic elements or by meansof rotating 'dynamo-electric machines, provided that nopolyphasedynamo-electric machine 'is employed.

While I have shown only two embodiments of my invention, it is capableof various changes and modifications without departing from the spiritand scope of my invention, as will be obvious to those skilled in theart. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposedthereon as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a wireless transmission system a pair of static networks, a pairof radiating systems, said radiating systems being across 'correspondingterminals of said networks,

a two-phase source of energy therefor and means for connecting therespective phases of said two-phase source of energy acrosscorresponding remaining terminals of said networks.

2. In a wireless transmission system, a pair of static networkscomprising reactive elements substantially resonantto the samefrequency, radiating elements connected across corresponding terminalsof said networks, said radiating elements being substantially resonantto the same frequency as said networks, a. two-phase source ofhigh-frequency energy and means associated therewith for connecting onephase of said two-phase source. of energy across remaining terminals ofone network and the other phase of said two-phase source of energyacross the remaining terminal of the other network.

3. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pluralityof adjacently disposed antenna systems, eachsystem including aphase-splitting device, and means associated with said phase-splittingdevices whereby the phase relation of currents in saidantenna systemsmay be selectively controlled.

4. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a two-phasehigh-frequency circuit, of a plurality of proximate radiating elementsadapted to be energized from said circuit, and means for selectivelycombination of a varying the phase relation of currents supplied to saidradiating elements from said two-phase circuit, whereby the radiation ofenergy therefrom. may be controlled.

'5. In a wireless transmission s stem, the combination with a two-phasecircuit and a plurality of adjacently disposed antennae, said antennaebeing electro-statically coupled, of means associated with said twophasecircuit and said plurality of adjacently disposed antennae whereby thephase relatlon of currents supplied to said antennae may be selectivelycontrolled.

6. In a Wireless transmission system, the combination with a pluralityof antennae and a ground lead for each antennae, of a lurality of staticnetworks, each ground ead including therein one phase of a staticnetwork, a circult connecting a termmal of a second phase of onenetworkto a correspending terminal of a second phase of another network, asecond circuit connectin the remaining terminals of said secon phases,and a polyphase source of high-frequency currents included in saidsecond circuit.

7. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair ofadjacently disposed antennae, of a ground lead for each antenna, astatic network included in each ground lead, means for supplying energyto said static networks and means whereby the phase relation of thecurrents supplied to said plurality of antennae may be selectivelycontrolled.

8. In a wireless transmission system, the air of antennae, each antennabeing so dlsposed than an electrostatic coupling exists therebetween, aground lead for each antenna, a plurality of static network, each groundlead including therein one phase of a static network, means forsupplying energy to other phases of said static networks and means-whereby the phase relation of the. currents supplied to said pair ofantennae may be selectively controlled.

9. In a wireless transmission system, the combination-with a pair ofantennae, of a ground lead foreach antenna, a pair of static networks,each ground lead including therein one phase of a static network, acircuit connecting a terminal of a second phase of one network to thecorresponding terminal of the other, a second circuit connecting theremaining terminals of said static networks, two sources of energyconnected inseries relation in said second circuit, said sources beingsubstantially in quadrature relation one to the other, and a thirdcircuit extending from said firstnamed circuit to a point in said secondintermediate said sources of e'ner y.

10. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair ofantennze, a

ground lead for each antenna, each 'ound lead including therein amonocyclic )ridgc, a conductor connecting a free terminal of onemonocyclic bridge to the corresponding free terminal of the other, atwo-phase circuit connecting the remaining free terminals of saidmonoclyclic bridges, and means for causing one .p ase to energize oneantenna and the remaining phase to energize the other antenna.

' 11. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair ofantennae, a ground lead for each antenna, each ground lead includingtherein a monocyclic bridge, a conductor connecting a free terminal ofone monocyclic bridge to the (cm-responding free terminal of the othermonocyelic bridge, a two-phase circuit having sources of energy thereinand a circuit extending from said conductor to a point in saidfirst-named eir cuit intermediate said sources of energ said circuitincluding means whereby one phase may be impressed across the terminalsof one monocyclic bridge and the remaining phase across the terminals ofthe other.

12. In a wireless transmission system, the combination with a pair ofantennae, a ground lead for each antenna, each ground lead includingtherein a monocyclic bridge, a conductor connecting a free terminal ofone monocyclic bridge to the corresponding free terminal of the other, atwo-phase circuit having sources of energy therein, and means comprisinga shunt connection extending from said conductor to a point in saidfirstnamed circuit intermediate said sources of energy, said circuitincluding manually-operable means, whereby one phase may be impressedacross the terminals of one monocyclic bridge and the remaining phaseacross the terminals of the other to cause a maximum amount of energy tobe radiated from said plurality of antennae.

13. In a wireless transmission system, a pair of static networks, a pairof radiating systems, said radiating systems being connected acrosscorresponding terminals of said networks, a two-phase source of energytherefor, a series circuit including the two phases of said source andthe remaining terminals of each of said static networks in series, and amodulating circuit connected across said series circuit from a pointintermediate said static networks to a point intermediate the two phasesof said source.

14. In a wireless transmission system, a pair of static networkscomprising reactive elements substantially resonant to the samefrequency, radiating elements connected across corresponding terminalsof said networks, said radiating elements being substantially resonantto the same frequency as said networks, a two-phase source ofhighfrequency energy, a' series circuit including the two phases of saidsource and remaining terminals of each of said static networks inseries, and a modulating circuit connected across'said series circuitfrom a point intermediate said static networks to a point intermediatethe two phases of said source.

15. In a Wireless transmission system, a pair of static networkscomprising reactive elements substantially resonant to the samefrequency, radiatingelements connected across corresponding terminals ofsaid networks, said radiating elements being substantially resonant tothesame ire uency as said networks, a source of highrequency currents,means for connecting remaining terminals of both of said static networksin series relation to said source, and modulating means for varying thephase relations of the currents supplied to the respective staticnetworks,

16. An electrical system including transassaaaa mitting elements. havingtwo branches,

means for maintaining substantially constant currents in each of saidbranches and means for varying the phase relationships of said currents.

17. In a Wireless transmission system, the combination with a two-phasehigh-frequency circuit, of a plurality of proximate radiating elementsadapted to be energized from said circuit, a variable-impedance device,and means responsive thereto for correspondingly varying the phaserelation of currents supplied to said radiating elements from saidtwo-phase circuit, whereby the radiation of energy therefrom may becontrolled. I

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 24th dayof June 1921.

LEWIS WARRINGTON GHUBB.

